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Index lookup

Price index lookup for contract clauses

The producer and consumer price indices that actually get cited in escalation clauses, with the current value, the year-over-year change, and what each one means for a formula, not just a raw number.

Aerospace & Defence

US PPI — Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 33641)

BLS · BLS_PCU33641-33641- · Aerospace & Defence

Used as a portfolio-level benchmark in a diversified aerospace supply contract spanning airframes, engines, and parts together rather than isolating one component type. A dispute over a specific component should still cite PCU336411 (Aircraft Manufacturing) or PCU336412 (Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing) instead, since this aggregate blends them.

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US PPI — Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 3364)

BLS · BLS_PCU3364--3364-- · Aerospace & Defence

Relevant only for a contract whose aerospace scope is broader than PCU33641 (Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing) can capture, for example a diversified prime-contractor supply agreement covering airframes, engines, and other aerospace parts under one umbrella. A dispute over one component should cite PCU336411 (Aircraft Manufacturing) or PCU336412 (Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing) instead.

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Semiconductors

US PPI — Battery Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU335910335910 · Semiconductors

Covers finished battery packs and cells broadly. For EV or grid-scale battery-metal exposure specifically, pair with a lithium or nickel index rather than relying on this alone.

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US PPI — Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing (NAICS 3344)

BLS · BLS_PCU3344--3344-- · Semiconductors

Used as a portfolio-level benchmark in a component supply contract spanning several narrower series at once, chips, boards, connectors, and passive parts together such as PCU334413 (Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing), PCU334412 (Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing), PCU334417 (Electronic Connector Manufacturing), or PCU33441K (Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing). A dispute over one component type still needs one of those narrower series, since this aggregate blends all of them.

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US PPI — Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing, Other Semiconductor Devices

BLS · BLS_PCU334413334413A · Semiconductors

Fits a wafer or discrete-component supply contract that needs to isolate device-level pricing from the broader mix of packaged chips the parent series tracks. Cite this alongside the parent semiconductor and related device manufacturing series only when the contract explicitly separates discrete devices from finished chips, otherwise the parent series alone is simpler to administer.

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US PPI — Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU334---334--- · Semiconductors

Fits only a contract whose electronics scope is broader than semiconductors specifically, for example one spanning computer hardware alongside chips. Too broad to isolate a chip-price dispute, PCU3344 (Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing) or a narrower product series should carry that clause instead.

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US PPI — Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing (NAICS 33441)

BLS · BLS_PCU33441-33441- · Semiconductors

The tighter of the two aggregate levels for this industry, cite this instead of PCU3344 (Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing, NAICS 3344) when the buyer wants the narrowest available bucket without naming a single product line. Still broader than any single product series, so a dispute over one product type needs one of those instead.

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Telecom & Data Centers

Lubricants & Chemicals

US PPI — Plastics Bottle Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU326160326160 · Lubricants & Chemicals

A finished-goods packaging index that tracks converters output price, not the resin they buy. Pair with a resin index only if the contract also covers raw material risk upstream of the bottler.

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US PPI — Rubber and Plastics Hose

BLS · BLS_WPU071304 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Indexes hydraulic and industrial hose as a finished product. Pair with a fluid power valve or fitting index when a contract covers a full hydraulic assembly rather than hose alone.

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US PPI — Oxygen

BLS · BLS_WPU06790304 · Lubricants & Chemicals

One of several named cuts of the industrial gas series. Oxygen prices separately from nitrogen or argon since production and distribution economics differ by gas.

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US PPI — Nitrogen

BLS · BLS_WPU06790303 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Prices on its own cycle from oxygen and argon despite sharing production infrastructure. Name the specific gas in the clause rather than citing a generic industrial gas index.

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US PPI — Argon and Hydrogen

BLS · BLS_WPU06790309 · Lubricants & Chemicals

A blended two-gas series. Use only when the contract genuinely buys both in a fixed ratio, otherwise the nitrogen or oxygen series is the cleaner match for a single-gas clause.

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US PPI — Adhesives and Sealants

BLS · BLS_WPU067904 · Lubricants & Chemicals

A single blended series covering both adhesives and sealants, common in a construction materials composite where sealant cost is real but too small a line to negotiate its own index.

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US PPI — Industrial Gases

BLS · BLS_WPU067903 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Used in supply contracts for welding, steelmaking and food freezing. It combines oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen and other gases, which the catalog also lists separately. Check whether the contract already passes power cost through before adding this index.

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US PPI — Industrial Chemicals

BLS · BLS_WPU061 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Used in bulk chemical supply and toll manufacturing agreements where the buyer wants one broad chemicals figure rather than naming each feedstock. A contract with one dominant feedstock gets a more accurate escalator from that feedstock's own narrower series.

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US PPI — Chemical Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU325---325--- · Lubricants & Chemicals

Sometimes cited in general contract boilerplate as a catch-all chemicals escalator. A drafter should name the specific chemical index instead whenever the contract has one identifiable input, since this aggregate moves with the whole sector, not the one product being bought.

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US PPI — Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU325311325311 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Appears in bulk fertilizer supply and distribution agreements between manufacturers and agricultural cooperatives. Natural gas is the dominant feedstock cost for nitrogen fertilizer, so a drafter sometimes pairs this with a natural gas index rather than relying on it alone to capture feedstock swings.

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US PPI — Sulfuric Acid

BLS · BLS_WPU0613020T1 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Common in phosphate fertilizer, metal pickling, and mineral processing supply contracts, since sulfuric acid is a direct input in each. The acid is heavy and corrosive to transport, so some contracts add a separate freight adjustment alongside this index rather than folding transport into one blended rate.

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US PPI — Chemicals and Allied Products

BLS · BLS_WPU06 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Used as a fallback escalator in general commercial agreements that touch chemicals broadly, such as a distribution contract with no single dominant input. It is too broad for a contract built around one specific chemical, where a narrower series for that chemical prices the actual product being bought.

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US PPI — Paint and Coating Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU325510325510 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Cited in construction and industrial coating supply contracts where the buyer wants the finished-product price rather than the resin or pigment inputs behind it. A contract sourcing raw resin directly should use the plastics resin series instead, since resin and finished paint do not move in lockstep once labor and packaging are added.

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US PPI — Carbon Black, All Processes

BLS · BLS_WPU06790918 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Written into tire and rubber compound supply agreements, where carbon black is a major reinforcing filler cost. Feedstock oil price swings pass through with a lag, so a short averaging window on this index can understate the true cost move during a fast oil rally.

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US PPI — Synthetic Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Ammonium Compounds, and Urea

BLS · BLS_WPU0652013A · Lubricants & Chemicals

Used in nitrogen fertilizer supply and blending contracts as the input-cost benchmark ahead of the finished fertilizer manufacturing index. It bundles several nitrogen intermediates into one figure, so a contract buying only urea specifically still benefits from naming urea in the clause language even though this series is what gets tracked.

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US PPI — Chlorine, Sodium Hydroxide, and Other Alkalies

BLS · BLS_WPU06130302 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Relevant to water treatment, pulp bleaching, and PVC supply contracts that draw on chlor-alkali output. Chlorine and sodium hydroxide are joint products of one electrolysis process, so a plant tilting output toward one product can shift the blended price here independent of demand for the other, worth a footnote in a long-term supply contract.

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US PPI — Phosphoric Acid, Superphosphates and Other Phosphate Fertilizer Materials

BLS · BLS_WPU0652026A · Lubricants & Chemicals

Used in phosphate fertilizer blending and distribution agreements as the intermediate-cost benchmark, sitting between the raw sulfuric acid input and the finished fertilizer product. A drafter escalating a finished DAP or MAP fertilizer sale should confirm which stage of production the contract price is actually set at before choosing this series over a finished-goods one.

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US PPI — Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda)

BLS · BLS_WPU061303024 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Written into pulp and paper, water treatment, and soap and detergent manufacturing supply contracts where caustic soda is bought as a standalone input rather than paired with chlorine. This is the more precise choice over WPU06130302 (Chlorine, Sodium Hydroxide, and Other Alkalies) whenever the buyer never takes delivery of chlorine at all.

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US PPI — Phosphates

BLS · BLS_WPU065202 · Lubricants & Chemicals

Sometimes used in older fertilizer supply contracts drafted before the more granular phosphate fertilizer materials series existed, since this one has a longer continuous history back to 1982. A new contract drafted today should generally prefer the more granular series unless a long historical baseline is the deciding factor.

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Freight & Trucking

US PPI — No. 2 Diesel Fuel

BLS · BLS_WPU057303 · Freight & Trucking

The standard benchmark for a diesel fuel surcharge on a freight or transport contract, cited alongside the linehaul trucking index, since the two move on different schedules.

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US PPI — Truck Transportation

BLS · BLS_PCU484---484--- · Freight & Trucking

Used as a single benchmark in a logistics contract that buys a mix of local and long-distance trucking and does not want to track each segment separately. Because this blends PCU484110, PCU484121, and PCU484122 together, a dispute over one lane type needs one of those narrower series instead.

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US PPI — General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Less Than Truckload (Primary Product Line)

BLS · BLS_PCU4841224841221 · Freight & Trucking

Use in place of PCU484122 (General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Less Than Truckload) when a contract needs the LTL rate isolated from ancillary revenue, accessorial fees or warehousing, that LTL carriers also report under the same industry code. The two series track closely in practice, so switching between them mid-contract is rarely worth the administrative effort.

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US PPI — General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload (Primary Product Line)

BLS · BLS_PCU4841214841212 · Freight & Trucking

Fits a truckload contract that wants the tightest available cut of linehaul revenue rather than PCU484121 (General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload), which can include a small share of non-truckload service revenue from the same carriers. Pair with WPU057303 (No. 2 Diesel Fuel) for the fuel surcharge, since this series itself does not include the surcharge as BLS measures it.

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Warehouse & Logistics Equipment

Construction Materials

US PPI — Cement, Hydraulic

BLS · BLS_WPU1322 · Construction Materials

The standard series for bulk cement in a concrete-heavy construction contract, distinct from the broader ready-mix concrete price, which also carries aggregate and labor cost.

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US PPI — Concrete Block and Brick

BLS · BLS_WPU1331 · Construction Materials

Indexes finished masonry units, not the raw cement or aggregate that goes into them. Use this when the contract buys block or brick directly, the cement series when it buys bulk cement for site-mixed concrete.

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US PPI — Hardwood Lumber

BLS · BLS_WPU0812 · Construction Materials

A separate series from softwood construction lumber, relevant to flooring, millwork, and furniture-grade contracts rather than structural framing.

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US PPI — Flat Glass

BLS · BLS_WPU1311 · Construction Materials

Glazing and curtain wall subcontracts that want a flat-glass-only escalator name this commodity series rather than the wider glass industry series.

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US PPI — Gypsum Products

BLS · BLS_WPU137 · Construction Materials

Drywall and interior build-out subcontracts that name a gypsum escalator can use this commodity series for the whole product group, or the industry series for building materials only. Check which one the supplier price list follows.

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US PPI — Insulation Materials

BLS · BLS_WPU1392 · Construction Materials

Building envelope and mechanical insulation subcontracts name this series as a general insulation escalator. Its published sub-series are mineral wool, so a contract that buys another insulation type should check the fit.

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US PPI — Construction Materials

BLS · BLS_WPUSI012011 · Construction Materials

General contractor bid escalation clauses cite this aggregate when a project buys many material types and does not want to negotiate a separate index per material. Because it blends lumber, concrete, steel, and other inputs that do not move together, a contract concentrated in one material category gets closer accuracy from that material own series.

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US PPI — Lumber

BLS · BLS_WPU081 · Construction Materials

Framing and general timber supply contracts that buy a mix of softwood and hardwood stock cite this blended series, while a contract buying structural framing lumber specifically should use the softwood-only series instead, since softwood and hardwood prices swing on different demand cycles.

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US PPI — Cement and Concrete Product Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU3273--3273-- · Construction Materials

Ready mix concrete supply contracts sometimes cite this industry index rather than the narrower bulk cement series when the buyer wants one number covering cement, block, and other concrete products from the same plant. A contract buying only bulk cement gets a more direct match from the cement specific series instead.

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US PPI — New Nonresidential Building Construction

BLS · BLS_WPU801 · Construction Materials

Owner and general contractor guaranteed maximum price contracts occasionally reference this output index as a total project cost benchmark rather than an input material escalator, since it reflects bid pricing across labor, materials, and margin together. It is a poor fit for escalating a single material line item because it cannot isolate what drove any change.

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US PPI — Building Material and Supplies Dealers

BLS · BLS_PCU4441--4441-- · Construction Materials

Distribution and dealer supply agreements use this series when the contract price includes dealer markup and logistics rather than mill or plant gate cost. A contract buying direct from a manufacturer should use that material own production side series instead, since dealer margin and manufacturing cost do not move together.

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US PPI — Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU32721-32721- · Construction Materials

Glazing and curtain wall subcontracts cite this industry series as a glass cost escalator when no narrower flat-glass-only series is available, though it also picks up container and specialty glass output that a building glazing contract never buys.

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US PPI — Plywood

BLS · BLS_WPU083 · Construction Materials

Roof and wall sheathing subcontracts name this series directly rather than a general wood panel index, since plywood veneer supply and pressed panel supply chains respond to different input costs and do not track each other closely.

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US PPI — New Industrial Building Construction

BLS · BLS_PCU236211236211 · Construction Materials

Design build and EPC contracts for a warehouse or plant shell sometimes reference this output index as a whole project benchmark rather than an input escalator. Like the nonresidential construction series, it bundles labor, material, and margin together, so it cannot substitute for a material specific clause.

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US PPI — Softwood Lumber

BLS · BLS_WPU0811 · Construction Materials

Residential and light commercial framing contracts name this series specifically rather than the blended lumber aggregate, since softwood is the grade actually framed with and its price swings, driven by housing starts and tariff cycles, run wider than the blended series shows.

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US PPI — Inputs to Residential Construction, Goods

BLS · BLS_WPUIP2311001 · Construction Materials

Homebuilder cost plus and allowance contracts sometimes cite this basket as a single materials escalator across an entire home build. Because it is a weighted basket, the movement in any one line item a buyer actually cares about, framing lumber or roofing shingles for instance, can differ meaningfully from the basket average.

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US PPI — Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining

BLS · BLS_PCU2123122123120 · Construction Materials

Aggregate supply agreements for road base and site fill cite this series directly, and a cement supply contract may also reference it as an upstream input cost signal, since limestone is the primary raw material cement plants calcine, separate from the finished cement price itself.

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US PPI — Gypsum Product Manufacturing, Gypsum Building Materials

BLS · BLS_PCU3274203274201 · Construction Materials

Drywall and interior finish subcontracts escalate against this series directly. Gypsum board pricing has swung sharply around wallboard plant closures and paper liner cost in the past, so a contract relying on this series benefits from a defined review cadence rather than a single annual check.

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Industrial Metals & Parts

US PPI — Fabricated Steel Plate

BLS · BLS_WPU1076 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Covers cut and shaped steel plate as a manufactured product, distinct from raw hot-rolled steel, useful when the contract buys ready-to-weld plate rather than coil.

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US PPI — Fabricated Bar Joists and Concrete Reinforcing Bars

BLS · BLS_WPU1074051 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Used in concrete and foundation supply contracts where the buyer pays for fabricated reinforcing steel, not just mill bar. Because it blends bar joists with reinforcing bar and includes shop work, check it against a mill steel series or a regional rebar price before relying on it alone.

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US PPI — Steel Wire

BLS · BLS_WPU101705 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Used in supply contracts for drawn wire and wire products. It follows mill steel but with a smaller swing, so a clause tied to a hot rolled series can over-adjust compared with the wire invoice.

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US PPI — Iron and Steel

BLS · BLS_WPU101 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Cited in broad steel supply agreements and long term purchase contracts where the buyer wants one steel escalator instead of tracking each mill product separately. The tradeoff is precision, a mill invoicing a specific plate or sheet grade usually sees less price correlation with this aggregate than with the matching narrower series.

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US PPI — Steel Mill Products

BLS · BLS_WPU1017 · Industrial Metals & Parts

A common default in a steel distributor or service center supply agreement when the buyer purchases a mix of mill shapes rather than one specific product. Because it blends several product lines, a contract for a single shape is usually served better by the narrower series for that shape.

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US PPI — Cold Rolled Steel Sheet and Strip

BLS · BLS_WPU101707 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Automotive and appliance stamping supply agreements typically name this series rather than the broader steel mill products index, because cold rolled sheet carries a separate finishing premium over hot rolled that a blended index would understate.

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US PPI — All Metals and Metal Products

BLS · BLS_WPU10 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Occasionally cited in a diversified manufacturing supply contract that buys a mix of metal inputs and wants one blended escalator rather than negotiating several. Because it averages across ferrous and nonferrous cycles that do not move together, it can understate or overstate the swing on any one metal a buyer actually purchases.

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US PPI — Iron and Steel Scrap

BLS · BLS_WPU1012 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Scrap purchase agreements between steel mills and scrap dealers use this series directly rather than a finished product index, since scrap and finished steel prices can diverge sharply when scrap export demand or furnace utilization shifts.

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US PPI — Yellow Brass Scrap

BLS · BLS_WPU10230103 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Foundries and brass mill suppliers that buy scrap as their main furnace charge cite this series instead of a refined copper index, since scrap brass runs through its own collection and sorting supply chain that prices differently from mined copper.

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US PPI — Copper Wire and Cable

BLS · BLS_WPU10260314 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Electrical contractors and cable suppliers escalate wire and cable line items against this series rather than a raw copper index, since drawing, insulating, and jacketing add labor and material cost that raw copper price alone does not capture.

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US PPI — Copper and Copper Products

BLS · BLS_WPUSI019011 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Used in a long term copper supply agreement as a broad hedge reference when the contract does not need refined cathode price isolated from mill shape or wire cost. A buyer of one specific copper product should check whether the series for that product moves differently before relying on this blend.

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US PPI — Copper and Brass Mill Shapes

BLS · BLS_WPU102502 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Fabricators that buy copper or brass mill products for machined or formed parts escalate against this series, since it prices the mill product they receive rather than refined copper or finished wire.

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US PPI — Aluminum Mill Shapes

BLS · BLS_WPU102501 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Aluminum extruder and fabricator supply agreements cite this series when the contract buys a mix of mill shapes rather than one specific extruded profile, which WPU10250162 (Extruded Aluminum Shapes, Including Rod, Bar, and Wire) covers instead.

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US PPI — Nonferrous Metals

BLS · BLS_WPU102 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Appears in a multi-metal component contract, a wiring harness or heat exchanger assembly for instance, where several nonferrous inputs are bought under one line. Aluminum and copper cycles diverge often enough that a single-metal contract is better served naming the series for that metal instead.

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US PPI — Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy Mill Shapes

BLS · BLS_WPU102504 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Process equipment and specialty valve manufacturers that buy nickel alloy stock cite this series directly, since nickel alloy price swings run wider than carbon or stainless steel and a blended metals index would flatten that volatility out of the escalator.

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US PPI — Fabricated Steel Plate, Item Level

BLS · BLS_WPU10760102 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Pressure vessel, tank, and heavy equipment fabrication contracts use fabricated plate indexes to escalate the shop-fabricated steel share of the price. A drafter choosing between this item series and WPU1076 should check both histories, since the group index reaches back to 1982 and makes a cleaner long-run base period.

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US PPI — Steel Pipe and Tube

BLS · BLS_WPU101706 · Industrial Metals & Parts

Oil and gas pipeline and general plumbing supply contracts that buy a mix of pipe grades use this blended series, while a contract buying stainless pipe specifically should name the stainless-only series instead since the two grades do not price identically.

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US PPI — Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel

BLS · BLS_PCU3312--3312-- · Industrial Metals & Parts

A downstream fabricator cost pass-through clause sometimes cites this industry index rather than a raw steel series to reflect what mills that buy semi-finished steel and further process it actually charge. It moves with labor and overhead at those plants as well as raw steel cost, so it will not track a pure material cost one for one.

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US PPI — Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing

BLS · BLS_PCU33131-33131- · Industrial Metals & Parts

Primary aluminum smelter offtake agreements and long term ingot supply contracts cite this industry series, while a contract buying finished sheet or extrusion should use WPU102501 (Aluminum Mill Shapes) or WPU10250162 (Extruded Aluminum Shapes, Including Rod, Bar, and Wire) instead, since smelting cost and downstream fabrication cost move on different drivers.

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US PPI — Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU332---332--- · Industrial Metals & Parts

Diversified metal parts supply agreements sometimes cite this sub-sector index as a catch all escalator when the contract covers several fabricated metal product lines at once. Because it blends products as different as valves and wire mesh, a contract for one specific product type is served better by a narrower series for that product.

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Transportation & Logistics

US PPI — Line-Haul Railroads

BLS · BLS_PCU482111482111 · Transportation & Logistics

The standard index for rail freight service broadly. Use the intermodal cut of this same series instead when the contract specifically covers container-on-rail movement.

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US PPI — Specialized Freight Trucking

BLS · BLS_PCU4842--4842-- · Transportation & Logistics

Covers trucking for freight requiring special handling, oversize, refrigerated, or hazardous, as an industry-group aggregate since no finer single-commodity breakdown exists for this trucking segment.

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US PPI — Deep Sea Freight Transportation, Freight Transportation Services

BLS · BLS_PCU4831114831115 · Transportation & Logistics

Use for an ocean carriage contract that wants to isolate the core freight service charge from ancillary port and handling revenue the broader deep sea freight series also captures. Because ocean freight publication can lag, confirm the release schedule against the rate-reset date set in the contract before relying on the most recent print.

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US PPI — Truck and Bus Bodies

BLS · BLS_WPU1413 · Transportation & Logistics

Fits a fleet-purchase or vehicle-upfitting contract buying truck or bus bodies as capital equipment rather than freight or transportation services pricing. Pair with a chassis or complete-vehicle series if the contract covers a finished truck rather than the body alone, since BLS prices bodies and chassis separately.

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Textiles & Fibers

US PPI — Raw Cotton

BLS · BLS_WPU015 · Textiles & Fibers

An agricultural commodity series more than an industrial input, relevant to a textile or apparel manufacturing contract that buys raw fiber rather than finished cloth.

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US PPI — Synthetic Fibers

BLS · BLS_WPU031 · Textiles & Fibers

Covers polyester, nylon, and similar man-made fiber output, the standard series for a contract buying synthetic fiber as a manufacturing input rather than finished fabric.

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Energy & Fuels

US PPI — Jet Fuel

BLS · BLS_WPU057203 · Energy & Fuels

The standard index for aviation turbine fuel, relevant to an air charter, cargo, or defense logistics contract fuel escalation clause.

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US PPI — Natural Gas

BLS · BLS_WPU0531 · Energy & Fuels

Used in supply contracts where gas is burned for process heat or used as a feedstock. The index is a national figure, so a single plant often pairs it with its own utility tariff or a hub price. It rises in winter and falls in summer, so the start month of an averaging window matters.

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US PPI — Propane

BLS · BLS_WPU05320104 · Energy & Fuels

Used in supply and delivery contracts for crop drying, fleet fuel and off-grid heating. The index follows the wholesale propane market, so a delivered-price contract needs a separate term for freight, storage and dealer margin.

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US PPI — Industrial Electric Power

BLS · BLS_WPU0543 · Energy & Fuels

Used in contracts where power is a large cost, such as steelmaking, data centers and cold storage. Industrial power is priced on different rate schedules from commercial power, so the commercial series is not a substitute. A large plant usually also tracks its own utility tariff.

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Paper & Packaging

US PPI — Newsprint

BLS · BLS_WPU091302 · Paper & Packaging

A secularly declining but still actively published series, relevant only to a legacy print or publishing contract still buying newsprint directly.

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US PPI — Wood Pulp

BLS · BLS_WPU0911 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a pulp supply contract between a pulp mill and a paper or paperboard converter, upstream of finished paper and paperboard pricing. Pulp price typically moves ahead of paper and paperboard price, since pulp is a direct input cost passed downstream.

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US PPI — Corrugated Paperboard in Sheets and Rolls, Lined and Unlined

BLS · BLS_WPU091405 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a box-plant supply contract for the sheet or roll stock itself, distinct from PCU32221132221102 (Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing, Corrugated Shipping Containers for Paper and Allied Products). A contract buying finished boxes should cite that series instead, since this one only fits a contract for the unconverted material.

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US PPI — Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing, Corrugated Shipping Containers for Paper and Allied Products

BLS · BLS_PCU32221132221102 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a packaging supply contract between a box maker and a paper or paperboard producer buying its own shipping containers, a specific end-use pairing rather than a generic box-buyer contract. If the buyer sits outside the paper and allied products industry, a broader corrugated container series is the better fit even though this one is easy to find by name.

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US PPI — Unbleached Kraft Packaging and Industrial Converting Paperboard

BLS · BLS_WPU09141107 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a purchase contract between a converter and its paperboard supplier that names the kraft grade explicitly, since kraft, recycled, and bleached paperboard price on different cost structures. Name the grade in the clause text itself, a generic paperboard reference with no grade named invites a dispute over which series applies.

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US PPI — Corrugated Recyclable Paper

BLS · BLS_WPU09120325 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a recycler or mill buying recovered corrugated material as feedstock, a different supply-chain position from PCU32221132221102 (Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing) or WPU0911 (Wood Pulp). This series tracks recovered fiber cost, which can move independently of, and sometimes opposite to, virgin wood pulp cost.

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US PPI — Writing and Printing Papers

BLS · BLS_WPU091301 · Paper & Packaging

Fits a print-shop or office-supply purchase contract rather than a packaging or shipping contract, since writing and printing paper is a different product line from WPU091405 (Corrugated Paperboard) and WPU09141107 (Unbleached Kraft Packaging and Industrial Converting Paperboard). Demand for this grade has trended down for years, though BLS still publishes it on a current schedule.

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US PPI — Pulp, Paper, and Allied Products

BLS · BLS_WPU09 · Paper & Packaging

Used as a single top-level benchmark in a contract that buys a mix of paper and paperboard products and does not want to track each grade separately. Too broad to resolve a dispute over one grade or converted product, a narrower grade-specific series should carry that clause instead.

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US PPI — Corrugated Shipping Containers

BLS · BLS_WPU09150301 · Paper & Packaging

Packaging supply contracts for finished boxes name this series directly. It sits one stage downstream of corrugated paperboard sheets and rolls, so a box clause and a board clause on the same project follow related but separate prices.

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Industrial & Building Equipment

US PPI — Ball and Roller Bearings

BLS · BLS_WPU114905 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Used in maintenance, repair, and machine-build contracts that buy bearings. It has stayed far from raw steel prices, so a clause tied to a steel series is likely to track the wrong thing.

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US PPI — Fluid Power Valves

BLS · BLS_WPU114302 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Used in equipment-service and machine-build contracts that buy valves. A valve is machined metal plus assembly and test, so a clause tied to a raw metal series can follow the wrong cost.

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US PPI — Electrical Equipment Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU33531-33531- · Industrial & Building Equipment

Used as a broad electrical-equipment benchmark in an industrial supply agreement when the buyer does not want to name transformers, motors, or switchgear as separate line items. A dispute over one specific product type needs a narrower series instead, since this aggregate blends them together.

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US PPI — Electric Power and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing, Primary Products

BLS · BLS_PCU335311335311P · Industrial & Building Equipment

Escalates a finished power transformer supply contract more tightly than the full industry index would, since primary-products scope excludes non-transformer output from the same manufacturers. A drafter should still name the June 1981 base date explicitly in the clause, since older BLS bases are less familiar to readers than the more common 1982 reference period.

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US PPI — Machinery and Equipment

BLS · BLS_WPU11 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Functions as a catch-all benchmark in a diversified capital-equipment purchase contract spanning multiple machine types under one purchase order. Too broad to settle a dispute over a single machine type, a narrower branch series should carry that clause instead.

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US PPI — Construction Machinery and Equipment

BLS · BLS_WPU112 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Escalates a construction-equipment purchase or long-term rental agreement, priced separately from the labor and materials a general construction contract would otherwise escalate. The equipment mix behind this series is broad, so confirm it matches the actual machine types in the contract before relying on it for a narrow dispute.

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US PPI — Oil and Gas Field Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU333132333132 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Escalates an oilfield equipment supply agreement between an equipment manufacturer and an upstream operator. Moves with oilfield capital-spending cycles rather than general industrial demand, so a contract outside the oil and gas sector should not borrow this series as a stand-in for general machinery cost.

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US PPI — HVAC and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU33341-33341- · Industrial & Building Equipment

Used in a mechanical contracting or building-systems supply agreement to escalate equipment cost separately from installation labor. The aggregate blends HVAC and refrigeration equipment together, so a contract buying only one of the two should say so explicitly since the mix behind the index can shift over time.

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US PPI — Machinery Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU333---333--- · Industrial & Building Equipment

Fits a contract whose equipment scope is too varied for any narrower series to represent on its own, for example a plant-wide capital-equipment framework agreement. Because it blends every machinery sub-industry, a dispute over one machine type still needs a narrower series to resolve.

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US PPI — Industrial Machinery Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU3332--3332-- · Industrial & Building Equipment

Escalates a general industrial-machinery supply contract at a mid-level aggregate, narrower than PCU333333 (Machinery Manufacturing) but broader than any single product line. Useful when a contract wants an industry-side aggregate without naming machinery manufacturing in its entirety.

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US PPI — Pump and Compressor Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU33391-33391- · Industrial & Building Equipment

Fits a pump or compressor OEM supply contract priced from the manufacturing side. Pair with WPU1141 (Pumps, Compressors, and Equipment) when a contract needs both the industry view and the product view side by side.

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US PPI — Electrical Machinery and Equipment

BLS · BLS_WPU117 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Escalates an electrical-equipment purchase contract at the commodity level, useful when a buyer is comparing quotes across several manufacturers rather than tracking output from a single manufacturer. Pair with PCU33531 (Electrical Equipment Manufacturing) only when a contract explicitly needs both the product-level and industry-level view.

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US PPI — General Purpose Machinery and Equipment

BLS · BLS_WPU114 · Industrial & Building Equipment

Fits a facilities or plant-operations contract buying an assorted mix of general equipment types under one purchase order. WPU1141 (Pumps, Compressors, and Equipment) is a narrower cut of this same branch for a contract that only needs that one product line.

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Plastics & Rubber

US PPI — Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU325211325211 · Plastics & Rubber

Used in resin supply agreements between petrochemical producers and plastics converters as the industry benchmark. Because it covers the whole resin manufacturing industry rather than one polymer family, a converter buying mostly one resin type such as polyethylene should check PCU3252113252111 (Thermoplastic Resins and Plastics Materials) for a closer match.

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US PPI — Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing, Primary Products

BLS · BLS_PCU325211325211P · Plastics & Rubber

Cited in the same resin supply agreements as PCU325211325211 (Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing) but restricted to a plant's core resin output. Contract drafters should pick whichever of the two a supplier actually reports against, since the two series can diverge slightly when a plant shifts its secondary-product mix.

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US PPI — Plastic Resins and Materials

BLS · BLS_WPU066 · Plastics & Rubber

Appears in injection molding and packaging supply contracts alongside PCU325211325211 (Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing). The two track closely but are not identical since one classifies by product and the other by producing industry, so a contract should specify which one governs rather than referencing "the resin PPI" generically.

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US PPI — Synthetic Rubber, Including SBR and Ethylene Propylene

BLS · BLS_WPU07110224 · Plastics & Rubber

Written into tire manufacturing and industrial rubber goods supply contracts, where synthetic rubber is typically the largest input cost after labor. Butadiene and styrene feedstock volatility flows through this index with less lag than through WPU07 (Rubber and Plastic Products), making it the more responsive choice for a contract that wants to track raw material swings closely.

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US PPI — Rubber and Plastic Products

BLS · BLS_WPU07 · Plastics & Rubber

Used as a general escalator in facilities, automotive parts, and consumer goods contracts that buy a mix of rubber and plastic finished goods rather than one identifiable material. It moves more slowly and with less amplitude than WPU066 (Plastic Resins and Materials) or WPU07110224 (Synthetic Rubber, Including SBR and Ethylene Propylene), since finished-goods pricing smooths raw material swings with labor and overhead.

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US PPI — Unlaminated Polyethylene Film and Sheet

BLS · BLS_WPU072205011 · Plastics & Rubber

Common in flexible packaging supply contracts, particularly for stretch wrap, produce bags, and industrial liner film. A buyer negotiating a pass-through clause should confirm whether the resin cost the supplier pays, or this finished-film index, is the one actually named in the agreement.

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Food & Agriculture

US PPI — Farm Products

BLS · BLS_WPU01 · Food & Agriculture

Used as a general escalator in agricultural supply and cooperative agreements that buy a mix of raw crops and livestock rather than one single material. Farm products are seasonal and weather driven, so a clause built on this aggregate benefits from a longer averaging window than a manufactured-goods clause would need.

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US PPI — Wheat

BLS · BLS_WPU0121 · Food & Agriculture

The standard reference in grain purchase and milling supply contracts, cited far more often than the farm products aggregate because wheat trades as its own market with its own weather and export-demand drivers. A flour miller's input contract should reference this series directly rather than the broader farm products index.

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US PPI — Slaughter Cattle

BLS · BLS_WPU0131 · Food & Agriculture

Cited in livestock purchase agreements between ranchers and packers, priced at the live-animal stage rather than the finished beef product. A supply contract further down the chain, for boxed beef or retail cuts, needs a separate finished-meat index since packer margins are not fixed.

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US PPI — Almonds

BLS · BLS_WPU01190102 · Food & Agriculture

Relevant to almond supply and processing contracts between growers, hullers, and food manufacturers. Almond pricing is set mostly at harvest with the following year's crop, so an annual rather than monthly escalation window tends to match how these contracts are actually negotiated.

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US PPI — Pistachios

BLS · BLS_WPU01190106 · Food & Agriculture

Used in pistachio supply and processing contracts on the same basis as WPU01190102 (Almonds). California accounts for nearly all US pistachio production, so a single bad-weather year can move this index sharply, which a contract's cap and floor terms should anticipate.

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US PPI — Avocados

BLS · BLS_WPU01110205 · Food & Agriculture

Written into produce supply agreements between growers and food service or retail buyers. Avocado supply is split between domestic and imported fruit, so a domestic-only PPI series like this one can diverge from the landed cost a buyer actually pays when imports dominate the season.

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US PPI — Food Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU311---311--- · Food & Agriculture

Used as a general escalator in packaged food supply and co-manufacturing agreements that blend many ingredient inputs rather than one single raw ingredient. It is priced at the manufacturing plant gate, so it already reflects some raw ingredient cost pass-through, and pairing it with a raw-material index in the same clause can double-count that movement.

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Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals

US PPI — Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU3254--3254-- · Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals

Cited in pharmaceutical supply and procurement agreements, particularly government and institutional purchasing contracts, as a broad benchmark across the whole drug and biologics manufacturing group. A contract for one drug class or a single molecule needs its own price term since this index averages across a very mixed product set.

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US PPI — Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU325412325412 · Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals

The more precise choice over PCU3254 (Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing) when a supply contract is specifically for finished-dose prescription or over-the-counter preparations rather than biologics or diagnostics, which the wider group index also folds in.

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US PPI — Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_PCU3391--3391-- · Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals

Used in hospital and institutional procurement contracts for durable medical equipment and disposable supplies. It covers everything from surgical instruments to bandages in one figure, so a large capital equipment purchase, an imaging machine for instance, is better priced against its own line item than escalated off this blended industry index.

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General Producer & Consumer Prices

US PPI — Total Manufacturing Industries

BLS · BLS_PCUOMFG--OMFG-- · General Producer & Consumer Prices

Used as a fallback escalator in general manufacturing supply contracts with no single dominant material or a genuinely diversified bill of materials. It is too broad for any contract where one input drives most of the cost, since it averages across every manufacturing industry from food to aerospace.

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US PPI — Finished Goods

BLS · BLS_WPUFD49207 · General Producer & Consumer Prices

Cited in retail, distribution, and consumer goods supply contracts as a general finished-goods benchmark, one step removed from raw material and intermediate-goods PPI series. A contract for a raw input rather than a finished product should not use this series, since it already has labor, packaging, and distributor margin built in.

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US PPI — Industrial Commodities Less Fuels

BLS · BLS_WPU03T15M05 · General Producer & Consumer Prices

Used in industrial supply contracts that want to track non-energy cost movement specifically, stripping out the fuel-price swings that would otherwise dominate a broader industrial commodities index. Works best as a companion series alongside a separate fuel surcharge clause rather than as a single blended escalator.

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US PPI — Transportation and Warehousing Industries

BLS · BLS_PCUATRNWRATRNWR · General Producer & Consumer Prices

Referenced in logistics and freight services contracts as a broad transportation-sector benchmark. It blends trucking, rail, air, and warehousing together, so a contract for one mode specifically, over-the-road trucking for instance, gets a closer match from a dedicated freight index than from this combined sector aggregate.

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US CPI-U — All Items, US City Average

BLS · BLS_CUUR0000SA0 · General Producer & Consumer Prices

The most cited inflation index in escalation clauses of every kind, from service and license fees to the materials term of the airframe formula in aircraft purchase agreements, where it carries 35% of the adjustment. It tracks consumer prices, so it drifts from a supplier's real costs when one input dominates.

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Labor & Wages

US ECI — Total Compensation, Manufacturing

BLS · BLS_CIU2013000000000I · Labor & Wages

The labor term in the airframe escalation formula of aircraft purchase agreements, where it carries 65% of the adjustment against CPI-U for the rest. Also a sound labor escalator for any manufacturing supply contract, since it counts benefits as well as pay.

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